--- title: How Hearing Works description: "How do we \"hear\" sound? How is it processed from our ears to our brain?" image: https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/blog-hero.jpg --- - CHSC Services & Programs - Speech-Language & Literacy - [Services for Adults](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/speech-language-services-for-adults/) - [Services for Children](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/speech-language-literacy-services-for-children/) - [Contract Services](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/community-contract-services-speech-language-literacy/) - [Project ELLA](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/project-ella/) - Hearing Services - [Hearing Evaluations and Testing](https://www.chsc.org/hearing-services/hearing-evaluations-and-testing/) - [Hearing Aids & Other Hearing Services](https://www.chsc.org/hearing-services/hearing-aids-other-hearing-services/) - [Early Intervention Service](https://www.chsc.org/hearing-services/early-intervention-service/) - Language Interpreting - [Language Interpreting Options](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/american-sign-language-interpreting-services/) - [American Sign Language Interpreting](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/american-sign-language-interpreting/) - [Spoken Language Interpreting](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/spoken-language-interpreting/) - [Book an American Sign Language Interpreter](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/book-an-american-sign-language-interpreter/) - Community Center for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing - [Welcome to CCDHH](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/welcome-to-ccdhh/) - [Vocational Rehabilitation Services](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/vocational-rehabilitation-services/) - [Support Services and Advocacy](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/support-services-and-advocacy/) - [Ohio Clinician Mental Health Training](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/ohio-clinician-mental-health-training/) - [American Sign Language (ASL) Classes](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/american-sign-language-asl-classes/) - Locations - [University Circle](https://www.chsc.org/contact/main-center-university-circle-location) - 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CHSC Services & Programs - Speech-Language & Literacy - [Services for Adults](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/speech-language-services-for-adults/) - [Services for Children](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/speech-language-literacy-services-for-children/) - [Contract Services](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/community-contract-services-speech-language-literacy/) - [Project ELLA](https://www.chsc.org/speech-language/project-ella/) - Hearing Services - [Hearing Evaluations and Testing](https://www.chsc.org/hearing-services/hearing-evaluations-and-testing/) - [Hearing Aids & Other Hearing Services](https://www.chsc.org/hearing-services/hearing-aids-other-hearing-services/) - [Early Intervention Service](https://www.chsc.org/hearing-services/early-intervention-service/) - Language Interpreting - [Language Interpreting Options](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/american-sign-language-interpreting-services/) - [American Sign Language Interpreting](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/american-sign-language-interpreting/) - [Spoken Language Interpreting](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/spoken-language-interpreting/) - [Book an American Sign Language Interpreter](https://www.chsc.org/language-interpreting-services/book-an-american-sign-language-interpreter/) - Community Center for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing - [Welcome to CCDHH](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/welcome-to-ccdhh/) - [Vocational Rehabilitation Services](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/vocational-rehabilitation-services/) - [Support Services and Advocacy](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/support-services-and-advocacy/) - [Ohio Clinician Mental Health Training](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/ohio-clinician-mental-health-training/) - [American Sign Language (ASL) Classes](https://www.chsc.org/community-services/american-sign-language-asl-classes/) - Locations - [University Circle](https://www.chsc.org/contact/main-center-university-circle-location) - [Broadview Heights](https://www.chsc.org/contact/broadview-heights-location) - [Lyndhurst](https://www.chsc.org/contact/lyndhurst-location) - [Westlake](https://www.chsc.org/contact/westlake-location) - [Community Center for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing](https://www.chsc.org/contact/community-center-for-the-deaf-hard-of-hearing) - Giving Back - [Ways to Give](https://www.chsc.org/giving/ways-to-give/) - [Corporate Philanthropy](https://www.chsc.org/giving/ways-to-give/corporate-philanthropy/) - [Fundraising & Events](https://www.chsc.org/giving/ways-to-give/fundraising-events/) - About Us - [About CHSC](https://www.chsc.org/about/about-chsc/) - [Board of Directors](https://www.chsc.org/about/board-of-directors/) - [Leadership](https://www.chsc.org/about/leadership/) - [CHSC Staff](https://www.chsc.org/about/chsc-staff/) - [Join the CHSC Team](https://www.chsc.org/about/careers/) - [New Partners of CHSC](https://www.chsc.org/about/new-partners-of-chsc/) - [Volunteer at CHSC](https://www.chsc.org/about/volunteer/) - [News & Events](https://www.chsc.org/about/events-calendar/) - [Blog](https://www.chsc.org/about/chsc-blog/) - [Strategic Plan](https://wwwchsc.org/about/strategic-plan/) - [Community Partners](https://www.chsc.org/about/community-partners/) - [Our History](https://www.chsc.org/about/our-history/) - [Ask CHSC](https://www.chsc.org/ask-chsc/) # Communication Matters # How Hearing Works [Bridgid M. Whitford Au.D, CCC-A](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/bridgid-m-whitford-au-d-ccc-a) | Posted on April 25, 2018 **The Outer Ear** The outer ear is what most people consider “the ear.” It consists of a flap of skin/cartilage (called the pinna or auricle) on the outside of the head. It collects sound and directs it into the ear canal. The ear canal is a closed tube with hairs and “wax glands” in the outer portion. Our ear canal is self-cleaning. The wax glands produce wax, or cerumen, and the tiny hairs push the wax out of our ears. As the wax moves out of the ear, it cleans the ear canal and keeps unwanted critters, such as insects, out of the ear. At the end of the ear canal is the eardrum, or tympanic membrane. When air moves it creates vibrations. These sound vibrations are collected by the pinna and directed into the ear canal, to the eardrum, causing it to vibrate just like the head of a drum when you hit it with a drumstick. When an [**audiologist**](https://www.chsc.org/staff/view/category/audiology) or physician looks into a healthy, unobstructed ear with an otoscope, s/he can see the outer surface of the eardrum. ![Ear diagram](https://blog.chsc.org/hs-fs/hubfs/Ear%20diagram.jpg?width=600&height=420&name=Ear%20diagram.jpg) **The Middle Ear** The middle ear is a small, enclosed space that contains three bones called ossicles. The ossicles are the smallest bones in the body. Each is connected to the other, creating a chain that is attached to the inner side of the eardrum on one end, and to the cochlea on the other end. As the eardrum vibrates from the movement of air (sound waves), so do the ossicles. When someone has an ear infection, it is possible that fluid has built up in this middle ear space around the ossicles causing pressure and pain. When this happens, the ossicles do not vibrate the way they should, and the person may experience hearing loss. **The Inner Ear** At the end of the middle ear bone chain is the bony, snail-shaped organ for hearing called the cochlea. Inside the cochlea are tiny nerve endings, or hair cells, that are surrounded by fluid. As the ossicles vibrate, they push in and out on the end of the cochlea and cause the fluid to move in waves. These waves cause the hair cells to bend. Every time a hair cell bends, it sends a message along the hearing nerve up to the brain. The brain then interprets this nerve impulse as sound. Tags: [Audiology](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/audiology), [Communication](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/communication), [Hearing](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing), [Hearing Loss](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing-loss) ## Comments ### Blog Categories - [Communication (122)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/communication) - [Speech (89)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/speech) - [Language (74)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/language) - [Hearing (54)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing) - [talking (47)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/talking) - [Hearing Loss (43)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing-loss) - [Audiology (41)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/audiology) - [Learning (34)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/learning) - [Hard of Hearing (33)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hard-of-hearing) - [Hearing Aids (33)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing-aids) - [Support (33)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/support) - [Voice (33)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/voice) - [toddler (31)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/toddler) - [Hearing Aid (28)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing-aid) - [Stroke (19)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/stroke) - [Hearing Loss Prevention (17)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing-loss-prevention) - [Caregiving (16)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/caregiving) - [literacy (16)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/literacy) - [Brain Injury (15)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/brain-injury) - [Deaf (15)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/deaf) - [Speech therapy (15)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/speech-therapy) - [reading (14)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/reading) - [Stuttering (13)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/stuttering) - [Teens (13)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/teens) - ["ears" (11)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/ears) - [Communication Access (11)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/communication-access) - [Stroke recovery (11)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/stroke-recovery) - [ASL (10)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/asl) - [American Sign Language (10)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/american-sign-language) - [Interpreting (7)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/interpreting) - ["tinnitus" (6)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/tinnitus) - [ASL Interpreter (6)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/asl-interpreter) - [Wilson Reading Program (6)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/wilson-reading-program) - [Aphasia (5)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/aphasia) - [Early Intervention (5)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/early-intervention) - [Ear Anatomy (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/ear-anatomy) - [Ear Pain (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/ear-pain) - [Primary Progressive Aphasia (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/primary-progressive-aphasia) - [Reading Summer Camp (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/reading-summer-camp) - [earplugs (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/earplugs) - [Autism (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/autism) - [Cochlear Implants (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/cochlear-implants) - [Deafness (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/deafness) - [Donations (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/donations) - [Donors (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/donors) - [Ear Wax (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/ear-wax) - [Medicare (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/medicare) - [Wills (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/wills) - [planned giving (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/planned-giving) - [tantrum (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/tantrum) - [Accent Modification (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/accent-modification) - [Baby Sign Language (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/baby-sign-language) - [Cleft Lip (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/cleft-lip) - [Cleft palate (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/cleft-palate) - [Dyslexia (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/dyslexia) - [Face masks (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/face-masks) - [R speech therapy (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/r-speech-therapy) - [baby (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/baby) - [dbhc (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/dbhc) - [hearing test (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/hearing-test) - [mental health (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/mental-health) - [ultrasound (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/ultrasound) - [ultrasound speech therapy (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/topic/ultrasound-speech-therapy) see all ### Authors - [Cleveland Hearing & Speech Center (32)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/cleveland-hearing-speech-center) - [Bridgid M. Whitford Au.D, CCC-A (25)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/bridgid-m-whitford-au-d-ccc-a) - [Sharon Dundee (21)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/sharon-dundee) - [Michelle Foye, MA CCC-SLP (13)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/michelle-foye-ma-ccc-slp) - [Alicia Verhovitz, M.A., CCC-SLP (10)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/alicia-verhovitz-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Megan Ahlman, M.A. CCC-SLP (9)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/megan-ahlman-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Lauren Masuga, M.A., CCC-SLP (5)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/lauren-masuga-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Linda Lange, Assistant Director of Speech Language & Learning Services (4)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/linda-lange-assistant-director-of-speech-language-learning-services) - [Akilah Porter, Marketing Coordinator (4)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/akilah-porter-marketing-coordinator) - [Tracy Biller, M.A., CCC-SLP Speech-Language Pathologist; Adult Services Coordinator (4)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/tracy-biller-m-a-ccc-slp-speech-language-pathologist-adult-services-coordinator) - [Akilah Porter (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/akilah-porter) - [Rachel Lester, BS, Audiology Intern (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/rachel-lester-bs-audiology-intern) - [Rebecca Mental, Ph.D., CCC-SLP Director of Speech, Language, and Learning Services (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/rebecca-mental-ph.d.-ccc-slp-director-of-speech-language-and-learning-services) - [Jennell C. Vick, Ph.D., CCC-SLP (3)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/jennell-c.-vick-ph.d.-ccc-slp) - [Stephanie Vondra, M.A., CCC-SLP (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/stephanie-vondra-m.a.-ccc-slp) - [Michelle Foye, M.A., CCC-SLP, Director of Speech Language & Learning Services (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/michelle-foye-m-a-ccc-slp-director-of-speech-language-learning-services) - [Kacey Riga, M.A., CCC-SLP (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/kacey-riga-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Chana Feinstein, M.A., CCC-SLP (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/chana-feinstein-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Michelle Kurfiss M.A. CCC-SLP (2)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/michelle-kurfiss-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Casey Ring, CCDHH Learning Center Manager (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/casey-ring-ccdhh-learning-center-manager) - [Samantha Taylor (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/samantha-taylor) - [Dalit Burgess, Coordinator of School Services, Senior Speech-Language Pathologist (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/dalit-burgess-coordinator-of-school-services-senior-speech-language-pathologist) - [Rebecca Mental, Ph.D., MPH, CCC-SLP (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/rebecca-mental-ph-d-mph-ccc-slp) - [Jordan Brian, Sign Language Interpreter (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/jordan-brian-sign-language-interpreter) - [Dalit Burgess, M.S., CCC-SLP, Senior Speech-Language Pathologist; Coordinator of Professional and School Services (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/dalit-burgess-m-s-ccc-slp-senior-speech-language-pathologist-coordinator-of-professional-and-school-services) - [Maria O’Neil Ruddock, Psy.D. (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/maria-oneil-ruddock-psy-d) - [Jennell Vick, Ph.D., CCC-SLP (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/jennell-vick-ph-d-ccc-slp) - [Michelle Parker-Armstrong, Office Coordinator for CCDHH (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/michelle-parker-armstrong-office-coordinator-for-ccdhh) - [Jonathan Plessner, CCC-SLP (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/jonathan-plessner-ccc-slp) - [Elizabeth Divis, M.A. CCC-SLP (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/elizabeth-divis-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Sarita Cornwall, Support Services & Community Outreach Specialist (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/sarita-cornwall-support-services-community-outreach-specialist) - [Ruth Clark, MA., CCC-A (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/ruth-clark-ma-ccc-a) - [Carol Theil, CCC-SLP (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/carol-theil-ccc-slp) - [Jerry Hayes, PsyD and Maria O’Neil Ruddock, PsyD (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/hayes-oneil) - [Angela Gartner, Editor, NEO Parent Magazine (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/angela-gartner-editor-neo-parent-magazine) - [Reprinted with permission from the Annie E. Casey Foundation (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/reprinted-with-permission-from-the-annie-e-casey-foundation) - [Anne M. Calic MA CCC-SLP (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/anne-m-calic-ma-ccc-slp) - [Jessica Blakeman CCC-SLP, Speech-Language Pathologist, (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/jessica-blakeman-ccc-slp-speech-language-pathologist) - [Rebecca Mental, Ph.D., CCC-SLP, Director of Research and Jonathan Plessner, M.A., CCC-SLP, Speech-Language Pathologist (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/rebecca-mental-ph-d-ccc-slp-director-of-research-and-jonathan-plessner-m-a-ccc-slp-speech-language-pathologist) - [Debbie Dey (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/debbie-dey) - [Casey Ring, Learning Center Manager (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/casey-ring-learning-center-manager) - [Kellie Vaughan, M.A., CCC-SLP (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/kellie-vaughan-m-a-ccc-slp) - [Dr. Jennell C. Vick (1)](https://blog.chsc.org/blog/author/dr-jennell-c-vick) see all [Request an Appointment](https://share.hsforms.com/1H4Q3P8MbSnma6-uuosE5Qg1y7i5) [Please Donate Your support means so much](https://transactions.chsc.org/CampaignForm/CHSC/Cleveland+Hearing+and+Speech+Center) [Book an Interpreter](http://www.chsc.org/american-sign-language-interpreting-services/interpreting-services-for-individuals/) ### SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWSLETTER Receive CHSC news and events and other important communication updates directly to your inbox. - [![Facebook](https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/facebook.svg)](https://www.facebook.com/clevelandhearingandspeechcenter) - [![X](https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/x.svg)](https://twitter.com/clevehearspeech) - [![LinkedIn](https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/linkedin.svg)](https://www.linkedin.com/company/cleveland-hearing-%26-speech-center/) - [![YouTube](https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/youtube.svg)](https://www.youtube.com/user/chscdevelopment?feature=watch) - [![Flickr](https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/flickr.svg)](https://www.flickr.com/photos/clevelandhearingandspeech) ##### Menu - [Audiology](http://www.chsc.org/audiology) - [Hearing Aids](http://www.chsc.org/hearing-aids) - [Speech & Language](http://www.chsc.org/speech-language) - [ASL Interpreting](http://www.chsc.org/american-sign-language-interpreting-services) - [Community Center (CCDHH)](http://www.chsc.org/community-center-for-the-deaf-hard-of-hearing) - [Resources](http://www.chsc.org/resources) - [About](http://www.chsc.org/about/about-chsc) - [Giving](http://www.chsc.org/giving) - [Events](http://www.chsc.org/ways-to-give/fundraising-events) - [Contact](http://www.chsc.org/contact) - [Schedule an Appointment](http://www.chsc.org/contact) - [Donate](https://transactions.chsc.org/CampaignForm/CHSC/Cleveland+Hearing+and+Speech+Center) ![CARF](https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/carf-logo.png) ##### Accreditations and Affiliations - [Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities](http://carf.org) - [Certified Medicare and Medicaid Provider](https://www.cms.gov/) - [National Association of Speech and Hearing Centers](http://www.nashc.net/) - [Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf](http://www.rid.org/) - [Case Western Reserve University](https://case.edu/) - [United Way of Greater Cleveland](https://www.unitedwaycleveland.org/) ##### Contact Information 11635 Euclid Ave. Cleveland, OH 44106 Voice: (216) 231-8787 Appt: (216) 325-7570 Fax: (216) 231-7141 [info@chsc.org](mailto:info@chsc.org) ![CARF](https://blog.chsc.org/hubfs/CHSC-Nov2017/Images/carf-logo.png) - [Corporate Information](http://www.chsc.org/corporate-information) - [HIPAA](http://www.chsc.org/hipaa-cleveland-hearing-speech-center) - [Privacy Policy](http://www.chsc.org/privacy-policy) - [Terms & Conditions](http://www.chsc.org/terms-and-conditions) - 501c3 Non-Profit © 2017 Cleveland Hearing & Speech Center. 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